1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:06,000 On this episode of MythBusters, you're in charge. 2 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:11,000 The team randomly selects stories from the mailbox and gives them a whirl. 3 00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:17,000 You've asked are Hollywood gun handling techniques effective or just for show? 4 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:19,000 Nice, thanks, Duff. 5 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:24,000 Your next request is to test a ballistic nymph sent in by the troops. 6 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:29,000 Then there's the internet craze for crazy roadside assistants. 7 00:00:29,000 --> 00:00:31,000 A really dangerous way to fill a tire. 8 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:35,000 And the final lucky dip in this eclectic mix of myths 9 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:40,000 is a mathematical paradox from a game show. 10 00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:41,000 We have a winner. 11 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:47,000 Who are the MythBusters? 12 00:00:47,000 --> 00:00:48,000 Adam Savage. 13 00:00:48,000 --> 00:00:51,000 I reject the reality and substitute my own. 14 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:52,000 And Jamie Heineman. 15 00:00:52,000 --> 00:00:54,000 We're gonna have an adventure. 16 00:00:54,000 --> 00:00:58,000 Between them more than 30 years of special effects experience, 17 00:00:58,000 --> 00:01:02,000 together with Tori Balechi, Brent Imahara. 18 00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:04,000 This is the most dangerous thing we're gonna do all week. 19 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:06,000 And Carrie Byron. 20 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:07,000 Let's do it. 21 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:13,000 They don't just tell the myths, they put them to the test. 22 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:24,000 Step right up, step right up for a viewer request extravaganza. 23 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:26,000 What's this about? 24 00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:29,000 Ah, well this is the Wheel of Myth Fortune. 25 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:33,000 And each one of these boxes is a suggestion from a fan for a story we should do. 26 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:35,000 Give it a spin. 27 00:01:35,000 --> 00:01:47,000 Dear MythBusters, can you please test the Monty Hall paradox from the game show Let's Make a Deal? 28 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:48,000 This is great. 29 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:52,000 I know you're a big fan of game shows, but let me remind you what this one is. 30 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:55,000 Monty Hall offers a contestant a choice of one of three doors, 31 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:57,000 says a surprise behind one of them. 32 00:01:57,000 --> 00:01:59,000 And the contestant chooses, let's say, door B. 33 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:02,000 Before he gets to see if there's a prize behind that, Monty opens up door A 34 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:04,000 and shows him that there's nothing behind it. 35 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:11,000 Monty then offers the contestant a chance to switch from his original door B to the remaining door C. 36 00:02:11,000 --> 00:02:13,000 The question is, should you switch? 37 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:15,000 Now this is interesting for two reasons. 38 00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:19,000 One is that apparently psychologically people do not want to switch from their original choice. 39 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:23,000 Two is, apparently they will win more often if they do switch. 40 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:28,000 Wow, well, I'm not sure why that would be the case, but let's test it. 41 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:34,000 It's unusual that a complex mathematical paradox is named after a game show host. 42 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:39,000 But this counterintuitive problem has puzzled number crunchers for years. 43 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:44,000 After a door selection is made, the host always opens one of the remaining two doors 44 00:02:44,000 --> 00:02:49,000 and then gives the contestant a chance to stick with their original choice 45 00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:52,000 or switch to the other, an open door. 46 00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:54,000 Which leaves us with a two-part myth. 47 00:02:54,000 --> 00:03:01,000 Supposedly, people overwhelmingly decide to stick and apparently it's better to switch. 48 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:03,000 So how do you want to go about this? 49 00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:06,000 Well, as far as I can see, there's two parts to this story. 50 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:08,000 One psychological and one statistical. 51 00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:11,000 The psychological being that people do not want to switch from their original choice. 52 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:15,000 The statistical being that there is an advantage to them if they do. 53 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:17,000 Well, let's start with the psychological then. 54 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:18,000 Perfect. 55 00:03:18,000 --> 00:03:20,000 So, let the games begin. 56 00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:25,000 If we're going to test this out on the general public, we should get a bunch of people, say, 20 or so. 57 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:28,000 20 sounds like a good number. How do you want to run them through it? 58 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:31,000 Well, we could do it with, say, a deck of cards. 59 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:37,000 I feel like that's missing something essential to a game show experience that may influence people's decision-making. 60 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:42,000 So I'm thinking a real stage and some real doors and set up a Mythbusters game show scenario. 61 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:44,000 That looks great! 62 00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:50,000 And with their pre-made props in tow, the team's mathematical mission begins at a local theater. 63 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:53,000 Ladies and gentlemen, door number one. 64 00:03:53,000 --> 00:04:00,000 Where they prepare their game show setting, which includes the obligatory over-the-top game show host outfit. 65 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:02,000 Ta-da! 66 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:05,000 Uh, maybe you should try door number three. 67 00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:10,000 Much better. 68 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:11,000 Now, shall we start? 69 00:04:11,000 --> 00:04:12,000 Yep. 70 00:04:12,000 --> 00:04:17,000 With Adam dressed for the test, let's find out exactly what the test is. 71 00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:25,000 We've gotten 20 volunteers and the door behind which the prize has been placed will be determined by a computer-generated randomizer. 72 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:34,000 The psychology of this myth is what we're investigating with this test. 73 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:40,000 It is stated that most people, if given the choice to switch their door, will not do it. 74 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:41,000 Hello, sir. Hi. 75 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:46,000 We want to find out if that's true. We're going to bring in a bunch of contestants, run them through the whole test. 76 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:51,000 But what we're really looking for is to see how many stick with their original choice and how many switch. 77 00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:58,000 We are playing a little game today called Pick a Door. 78 00:04:58,000 --> 00:04:59,000 Okay. 79 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:03,000 I would like to start this game by you telling me which door is your choice. 80 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:05,000 I will take number one. 81 00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:07,000 Number one. Door number one is your choice. 82 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:10,000 Jamie, will you please show Brian what's behind door number three? 83 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:13,000 Nothing. 84 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:16,000 As you can see, there's nothing behind door number three. 85 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:22,000 For those of you playing at home, there's an important fact you should know, which is that whenever I open an empty door for the contestant, 86 00:05:22,000 --> 00:05:26,000 I know where the prize is and I'm showing them an empty door on purpose. 87 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:31,000 Your prize is either behind door number one, your original choice, or door number two. 88 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:33,000 I'm going to give you one last chance. 89 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:37,000 You could switch right now to door number two if you'd like, or you can stick with your original choice. 90 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:45,000 And so to the moment of truth, as per the first part of the myth, will he stick or will he take the opportunity to switch? 91 00:05:46,000 --> 00:05:48,000 I will stick with my door number one. 92 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:50,000 You will stick? How come? 93 00:05:50,000 --> 00:05:52,000 Because it was my first instinct. 94 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:57,000 There it is. Contestant number one sticks and Adam and Jamie have their first data point. 95 00:05:57,000 --> 00:05:59,000 Jamie, will you show Brian what's behind door number one? 96 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:02,000 Nothing. 97 00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:06,000 Sorry, there's nothing behind door number one. Thank you so much for playing. That's an excellent data point. 98 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:08,000 Have a good day. 99 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:09,000 Thank you. 100 00:06:09,000 --> 00:06:13,000 With no pre-knowledge of the test, from backstage, the next contestant steps out. 101 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:14,000 Are you? 102 00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:18,000 And after picking her door, which door is your choice? 103 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:19,000 One. 104 00:06:19,000 --> 00:06:24,000 Jamie opens up a losing door and Adam moves the test along to the relevant data point. 105 00:06:24,000 --> 00:06:28,000 You can switch to door number three, or you can stick with your original choice. 106 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,000 What's it going to be? Are you going to switch or stick? 107 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:31,000 I'm sticking. 108 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:32,000 You're sticking? 109 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:33,000 How come? 110 00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:34,000 Because the door is pink. 111 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:36,000 Okay. This time, sticking pays off. 112 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:37,000 We have a winner. 113 00:06:37,000 --> 00:06:40,000 It's a winner. Congratulations. 114 00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:44,000 But remember, the win-lose result is irrelevant in part one of the myth. 115 00:06:44,000 --> 00:06:47,000 We're testing the psychology of the decision-making. 116 00:06:47,000 --> 00:06:51,000 Is it true that the contestants will predominantly choose to stick? 117 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:52,000 Nothing. 118 00:06:52,000 --> 00:06:56,000 I'd like to offer you one last chance to perhaps switch your choice to door number three, 119 00:06:56,000 --> 00:06:58,000 or stick with your original choice. 120 00:06:58,000 --> 00:06:59,000 I'll stick with one. 121 00:06:59,000 --> 00:07:00,000 You really want to stick? 122 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:01,000 Yeah. 123 00:07:01,000 --> 00:07:02,000 How come? 124 00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:03,000 My gut feelings. 125 00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:04,000 Gut feelings? 126 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:05,000 That's three from three. 127 00:07:05,000 --> 00:07:06,000 I'm sorry. 128 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:11,000 And as the 100% record in favor of the myth continues, 129 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,000 I'm going to still go with number one. 130 00:07:13,000 --> 00:07:15,000 Things start to get really interesting. 131 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:16,000 I'm going to stick with number two. 132 00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:17,000 You're going to stick with number two. 133 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:18,000 Is there a reason behind you wanting to stick? 134 00:07:18,000 --> 00:07:20,000 First choice. 135 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:23,000 Because it's not just the score that's providing a pattern. 136 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:24,000 I'm going to stick with two. 137 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:25,000 Stick with three. 138 00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:26,000 I'd like to stick with my original choice. 139 00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:27,000 You're going to stick. 140 00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:30,000 But the motivation for sticking is becoming clearer. 141 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:31,000 I'm going to stick. 142 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:33,000 You're going to stick. How come? 143 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:35,000 I guess it's a 50-50 chance. 144 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:37,000 The perception is that with two doors left, 145 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:40,000 there's a 50-50 chance of winning. 146 00:07:40,000 --> 00:07:44,000 And so there's seemingly no advantage to switching. 147 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:45,000 You know, I trust my instincts. 148 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:46,000 I'm going to stay with door number two. 149 00:07:46,000 --> 00:07:51,000 And incredibly, as every single contestant decides to stick, 150 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:52,000 I'm going to stay with three. 151 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:55,000 Part one of the myth is looking great. 152 00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:56,000 Dude, this is so cool. 153 00:07:56,000 --> 00:07:59,000 They are all of them sticking with their original choice. 154 00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:00,000 I know. 155 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:01,000 That's so cool. 156 00:08:01,000 --> 00:08:03,000 I would not have called that. 157 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:04,000 Stick with number one. 158 00:08:04,000 --> 00:08:06,000 And to fully decipher the results. 159 00:08:06,000 --> 00:08:07,000 I'm going to stick. 160 00:08:07,000 --> 00:08:10,000 Out of the Jamie Roll, their game show credits. 161 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:11,000 Fantastic. 162 00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:12,000 Congratulations. 163 00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:13,000 Thank you. 164 00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:14,000 Nicely done. 165 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:15,000 Thank you so much for this. 166 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:17,000 And head back to the shop. 167 00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:23,000 Okay, Wheel of Myth Fortune. 168 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:24,000 Shall I give it a spin? 169 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:25,000 Please. 170 00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:26,000 Go for it. 171 00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:30,000 What does it say? 172 00:08:30,000 --> 00:08:33,000 This letter comes from a U.S. soldier. 173 00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:36,000 He writes, dear mythbusters, if a hand grenade lands next to you, 174 00:08:36,000 --> 00:08:40,000 is it better to hit the ground because shrapnel will go up and out? 175 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:41,000 Oh, okay. 176 00:08:41,000 --> 00:08:42,000 Because if the shrapnel goes up and out, 177 00:08:42,000 --> 00:08:44,000 it might create a safe zone down below. 178 00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:47,000 Raised by a brave friend in the military, 179 00:08:47,000 --> 00:08:49,000 it's an interesting ballistics question. 180 00:08:49,000 --> 00:08:54,000 Is the lethal fragment pattern of a grenade really just up and away? 181 00:08:54,000 --> 00:08:59,000 Can you actually avoid shrapnel damage by hitting the deck? 182 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:02,000 All right, so there's two things lethal about a grenade, 183 00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:04,000 the shockwave and the shrapnel. 184 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:05,000 All right, well, why don't we do this? 185 00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:06,000 Let's go to the bomb range. 186 00:09:06,000 --> 00:09:11,000 We'll set off some hand grenades and find out at what point the shockwave is no longer lethal. 187 00:09:11,000 --> 00:09:12,000 Right. 188 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:13,000 At that distance, you'd be safe, 189 00:09:13,000 --> 00:09:15,000 and then all you'd have to worry about is the shrapnel. 190 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:19,000 So we build something to catch all the shrapnel at that distance and see what we get. 191 00:09:21,000 --> 00:09:25,000 To kick things off, the guys hit their favorite location. 192 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:28,000 We've come out to the Alameda County Sheriff's Bomb Range 193 00:09:28,000 --> 00:09:33,000 to test the myth that if a grenade is going off and you hit the deck, lay flat on the ground, 194 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:35,000 you will get no shrapnel. 195 00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:39,000 But before you get the shrapnel, we need to establish the blast wave perimeter 196 00:09:39,000 --> 00:09:42,000 because inside of that, shrapnel or not, you'd be dead. 197 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:45,000 Now to do that, we're going to use our Oseco Burst Discs. 198 00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:49,000 They're set to 75 psi, which is a threshold of certain death. 199 00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:55,000 Now we'll have 10 burst discs starting at a foot all the way out to 10 feet from the blast. 200 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:59,000 Now this will record the lethality of the blast from the grenade. 201 00:09:59,000 --> 00:10:04,000 Now we've used these burst discs in the past, knocked your socks off, and what's blast proof. 202 00:10:05,000 --> 00:10:08,000 So it's going to give us the data we need. 203 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:10,000 All right, here's the last one. 204 00:10:10,000 --> 00:10:12,000 Sensors are set. 205 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:18,000 Remember, this first detonation is designed to determine how far the lethal perimeter of the shock wave extends. 206 00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:25,000 Later, the team will use that minimum survival distance as the point at which they measure the height of the shrapnel distribution. 207 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:32,000 But for now, it's all about the shock wave, which means they're ready to pull the pin, right? 208 00:10:32,000 --> 00:10:34,000 Wrong. 209 00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:37,000 Because pulling a pin from a grenade can be somewhat dangerous, 210 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:40,000 we're having JD set it up so that we can fire remotely from the bunker. 211 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:42,000 So while the team hunker down in the bunker, 212 00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:48,000 Sergeant JD Nelson takes a decommissioned grenade and rigs it with an equivalent amount of high explosive, 213 00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:52,000 a blasting cap, and a remote control detonator. 214 00:10:52,000 --> 00:10:55,000 And that definitely means it's boom time. 215 00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:57,000 All right, you guys ready? Let's do this. 216 00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:00,000 All right, this is testing the blast wave of a hand grenade. 217 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:04,000 You know this is the first time I've ever seen a hand grenade go off this closely? 218 00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:05,000 Yeah, me too. 219 00:11:05,000 --> 00:11:10,000 Here we go. In three, two, one, fire. 220 00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:15,000 Wow, that was awesome. 221 00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:16,000 That was energetic. 222 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:17,000 Let's check it out. 223 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:23,000 What they're checking is how many of the burst discs burst, and crucially, which one survived. 224 00:11:23,000 --> 00:11:25,000 One, two, three, four, five. 225 00:11:25,000 --> 00:11:29,000 All right, five foot radius. That is our blast zone for our grenade. 226 00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:32,000 So we set off our grenade and we got some good results. 227 00:11:32,000 --> 00:11:34,000 The burst disc at five feet away ruptured. 228 00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:39,000 The one at six feet didn't, meaning at five feet the shock wave alone would kill you, 229 00:11:39,000 --> 00:11:41,000 but at six feet you'd survive. 230 00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:46,000 So we're going to set up our shrapnel catchers just outside that five foot radius 231 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:49,000 and find out exactly what the fragment pattern is. 232 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:51,000 Okay, let's go get the shrapnel catchers. 233 00:11:51,000 --> 00:11:52,000 Perfect. 234 00:11:52,000 --> 00:11:54,000 Yep, it's time to bring out the shrapnel catchers. 235 00:11:54,000 --> 00:12:00,000 The idea of this test is to determine exactly how high the fragments hit. 236 00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:03,000 Okay, so just outside of five feet. 237 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:08,000 If there's a zone near the ground that is free from damage, then the myth will be confirmed. 238 00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:12,000 And from what he's already seen, Grant is optimistic. 239 00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:16,000 So if you look at the high speed footage, it's looking really good for the Smith. 240 00:12:16,000 --> 00:12:19,000 So you see the blast wave propagate. 241 00:12:19,000 --> 00:12:23,000 If you're outside of that lethal five foot radius, you're safe from that. 242 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:27,000 What we're interested in is the shrapnel, which is all the little sparkly bits. 243 00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:30,000 And you see that going up and out. 244 00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:34,000 Now the important thing for us is what happens if you're close to the ground. 245 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:37,000 How much of that shrapnel will actually hit you? 246 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,000 Coming up, Adam and Jamie butt heads. 247 00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:41,000 Adam's going to kick my butt. 248 00:12:41,000 --> 00:12:46,000 In order to crunch the Monty Hall numbers in your face. 249 00:12:54,000 --> 00:12:59,000 What do you get when you cross a complex probability puzzle with a game show? 250 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:05,000 The answer is the viewer requested myth known as the Monty Hall Paradox. 251 00:13:06,000 --> 00:13:11,000 And so far, Adam and Jamie have answered part one of the problem. 252 00:13:11,000 --> 00:13:14,000 What's it going to be? Are you going to switch or are you going to stick? 253 00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:18,000 As far as the psychology of sticking or switching goes, 254 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:19,000 I'm going to stick with two. 255 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:22,000 Contestants are unwilling to change their choice. 256 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:23,000 I'm going to stick. 257 00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:26,000 So where do we stand? 258 00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:31,000 Well, amazingly, our volunteers chose to stick 100% of the time. 259 00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:35,000 So the second part states that we should see a clear statistical advantage to switching. 260 00:13:35,000 --> 00:13:37,000 Did we see anything like that in the numbers? 261 00:13:37,000 --> 00:13:40,000 Well, given that nobody decided to switch, we don't really know. 262 00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:42,000 Clearly, we should run this again. 263 00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:47,000 And I think with an equal number of switching iterations to sticking iterations 264 00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:49,000 so that we can really compare the number. 265 00:13:50,000 --> 00:13:53,000 As Jamie said, with all of the contestants sticking, 266 00:13:53,000 --> 00:13:57,000 they don't yet have any data on whether switching is advantageous. 267 00:13:58,000 --> 00:14:02,000 So test two will focus on the statistical paradox. 268 00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:08,000 Is switching in what appears to be a 50-50 situation really your best bet? 269 00:14:08,000 --> 00:14:15,000 To find out, Adam and Jamie will collect a large and definitive sample of 100 data points 270 00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:19,000 with an elegant mechanical mini-game show set up. 271 00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:25,000 So what I need to do right now is build a physical Money Hall Paradox testing simulator. 272 00:14:25,000 --> 00:14:29,000 And it's a machine. I need to think of it like a machine because there's a lot of moving parts. 273 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:33,000 I'm thinking it's going to have two sets of three doors, one for me, one for Jamie. 274 00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:39,000 It's going to have a roll of 50 tests randomly selected, preloaded, so that we can cycle through it really fast. 275 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:43,000 It's not going to be a simple build, but I think in the end it's going to be really cool. 276 00:14:43,000 --> 00:14:45,000 All right, let's bring it on in. 277 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:47,000 This rig serves a couple of functions. 278 00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:51,000 First, it increases our sample size, which in turn increases our accuracy. 279 00:14:51,000 --> 00:14:59,000 Secondly, it removes the variable of choice from the equation and puts both switching and sticking on an even playing field. 280 00:14:59,000 --> 00:15:04,000 We'll show you how you would fare over time with either choice. 281 00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:07,000 So this all looks lovely, but how's it work? 282 00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:12,000 You and I are going to run through each of the tests, and each time we win, we take a red piece of paper 283 00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:15,000 and we thumb-tack it up onto the board behind us. 284 00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:20,000 At the end, we should be able to see visually if there's a difference between me always switching 285 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:24,000 and you never switching, and we should be able to count and compare the numbers. 286 00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:26,000 How do I think I'll do? 287 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:30,000 Well, if the myth is true, Adam's going to kick my butt. 288 00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:34,000 To find out, it's pick a door, take two. 289 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:36,000 Test number one, choose your door. 290 00:15:36,000 --> 00:15:37,000 I choose one. 291 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:40,000 I choose door number two, open an empty door. 292 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:42,000 I'm sticking. I lose. 293 00:15:42,000 --> 00:15:45,000 I am switching. I win! 294 00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:48,000 Unlike the previous test, I choose one. 295 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:49,000 I choose three. 296 00:15:49,000 --> 00:15:53,000 Adam and Jamie are focusing only on the win-lose result. 297 00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:55,000 I'm sticking. I lose. 298 00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:58,000 I am switching. I win! 299 00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:01,000 The rules are exactly the same. 300 00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:02,000 Test number three. 301 00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:05,000 Except the stick or switch variable is removed. 302 00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:06,000 I'm sticking. 303 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:08,000 Jamie always sticks. 304 00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:09,000 I lose. 305 00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:10,000 And Adam always switches. 306 00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:12,000 I am switching. I win! 307 00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:15,000 This is crazy. I can't keep winning like this. 308 00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:18,000 In addition, the large sample means that over time... 309 00:16:18,000 --> 00:16:20,000 I'm sticking. I lose. 310 00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:25,000 the results will reflect the true probability of the choice to stick or switch. 311 00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:28,000 I'm sticking. I win. 312 00:16:28,000 --> 00:16:33,000 But it's not long before the results on the board paint a definitive picture. 313 00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:34,000 I choose two. 314 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:39,000 The Monty Hall paradox is interesting because on the face of it, it seems simple. 315 00:16:39,000 --> 00:16:41,000 I am switching. I win! 316 00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:44,000 During the final stage of it, you've got two choices. 317 00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:47,000 You know one of them is a winner and one of them is not. 318 00:16:47,000 --> 00:16:51,000 So common sense would tell you that you've got a 50-50 chance of winning. 319 00:16:51,000 --> 00:16:52,000 And yet you've done. 320 00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:55,000 That's where the paradox comes in. 321 00:16:55,000 --> 00:16:57,000 I am switching. I win! 322 00:16:57,000 --> 00:16:59,000 Seven in a row in your face! 323 00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:03,000 You could talk about the mathematics and the statistics and the theory and the proofs of this story 324 00:17:03,000 --> 00:17:04,000 until you're blue in the face. 325 00:17:04,000 --> 00:17:08,000 But the only way to make the numbers really clear is just to do it. 326 00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:11,000 And the results are crystal clear. 327 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:16,000 Switching is far, far better than sticking with your original choice. 328 00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:19,000 What's going on here is really interesting. 329 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:24,000 If the prize is equally likely to be behind each of the doors, then if a player picks door one, 330 00:17:24,000 --> 00:17:27,000 there's a one in three chance the prize is behind it. 331 00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:32,000 That means that there's a two in three chance that the prize is behind doors two and three. 332 00:17:32,000 --> 00:17:37,000 Now take away door three, and there's still a two in three chance that it's behind door two. 333 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:41,000 So switching effectively doubles your chances of winning. 334 00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:45,000 So what advice can we offer our viewers about the Monty Hall paradox? 335 00:17:45,000 --> 00:17:51,000 Well, clearly if you're ever playing this game, you will have an overwhelming urge to stick with your original choice. 336 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:57,000 But given the fact that the host knows where the prize is and shows you an empty door, 337 00:17:57,000 --> 00:18:00,000 it is always an advantage for you to switch. 338 00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:01,000 Then it would be confirmed. 339 00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:03,000 Totally confirmed. 340 00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:09,000 Next. 341 00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:10,000 Ready for some shrapnel? 342 00:18:10,000 --> 00:18:14,000 Carrie Grandin Tory get the low down on Hit the Deck. 343 00:18:22,000 --> 00:18:25,000 Carrie Grandin Tory are back at the bomb range. 344 00:18:25,000 --> 00:18:30,000 They're testing the myth that the shrapnel of a grenade only goes up and out. 345 00:18:30,000 --> 00:18:33,000 And if you hit the deck, you won't get hit. 346 00:18:34,000 --> 00:18:36,000 And here's what we've learned so far. 347 00:18:36,000 --> 00:18:42,000 When the grenade explodes, there's about a five foot perimeter in which the blast wave is what's going to kill you. 348 00:18:42,000 --> 00:18:46,000 But from the high speed, it looks like the shrapnel is all going upward, 349 00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:48,000 leaving a safety zone low near the ground. 350 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:51,000 That's where our shrapnel catcher comes in. 351 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:53,000 Now around me are our shrapnel catchers. 352 00:18:53,000 --> 00:18:56,000 Now the white section represents somebody standing. 353 00:18:56,000 --> 00:19:00,000 In the red section represents somebody getting down on the ground. 354 00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:02,000 Give me 20. 355 00:19:03,000 --> 00:19:06,000 Now there are two reasons why hitting the deck might be advantageous. 356 00:19:06,000 --> 00:19:10,000 First of all, obviously you're minimizing your profile to the grenade. 357 00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:15,000 But secondly, the pattern of the shrapnel seems to be going up and out. 358 00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:19,000 And that's why we're adding a top to our shrapnel catcher so we can see what that looks like. 359 00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:25,000 The debris from the preliminary explosion does seem to indicate it's moving up and out. 360 00:19:25,000 --> 00:19:30,000 But to find out for sure, any lethal damage from the less visible metal fragments 361 00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:33,000 will mark the painted plywood of these boards. 362 00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:37,000 If the area at the bottom is clear, then the myth is confirmed. 363 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:41,000 Just to cover all our bases, we're going to use a couple different kinds of grenades. 364 00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:46,000 We have a vintage mid-century pineapple grenade and a more modern baseball grenade. 365 00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:49,000 Now though these names are somewhat innocuous baseball pineapples, 366 00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:54,000 the important thing to know is that they're going to be throwing out shrapnel at 22,000 feet per second. 367 00:19:54,000 --> 00:19:59,000 Now just to illustrate what we're talking about here, the inside of this grenade is perforated. 368 00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:02,000 Each one of these little sections is going to be a lethal projectile. 369 00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:08,000 First up, JD hooks up the pineapple grenade with its distinctive grooves 370 00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:10,000 and the team heads down to the bunker. 371 00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:12,000 Ready for some shrapnel? 372 00:20:12,000 --> 00:20:18,000 With the remote detonator rigged, it's time to find out if you can avoid grenade shrapnel by hitting the deck. 373 00:20:20,000 --> 00:20:23,000 In three, two, one. 374 00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:28,000 Wow! 375 00:20:30,000 --> 00:20:33,000 That did some serious damage. 376 00:20:33,000 --> 00:20:35,000 We even knocked down one of the shrapnel gadgets. 377 00:20:35,000 --> 00:20:37,000 Yeah, I think we're going to have a lot of shrapnel. 378 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:38,000 Alright, let's go check it out. 379 00:20:39,000 --> 00:20:44,000 And what they find is that being around when a grenade goes off is not a good idea at all. 380 00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:48,000 The shrapnel spray on the acrylic roof alone is frightening. 381 00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:50,000 Oh, look at that! 382 00:20:51,000 --> 00:20:53,000 Wow, we got a lot of shrapnel. 383 00:20:53,000 --> 00:20:55,000 But did we get it down below? 384 00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:56,000 Yep. 385 00:20:56,000 --> 00:20:58,000 So it looks like this one is busted. 386 00:20:58,000 --> 00:21:01,000 You don't get away scot-free down low. 387 00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:06,000 Well, the shrapnel pattern is definitely clear and it's even emphasized if you look at the exit wounds. 388 00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:09,000 There's a lot more shrapnel at the top than there is at the bottom. 389 00:21:09,000 --> 00:21:14,000 But clearly, there's still shrapnel at the bottom, so this myth is busted. 390 00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:20,000 Yep, for the pineapple grenade at least, the myth that the blast carries all of the shrapnel up and away 391 00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:24,000 and leaves a clear zone near the ground is busted. 392 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:26,000 Alright, so this one is busted. 393 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:29,000 Why don't we move on to the modern day grenade and see what that does? 394 00:21:29,000 --> 00:21:30,000 Modern grenade. 395 00:21:31,000 --> 00:21:35,000 The team moves in at the double and replaces all of the shrapnel catchers. 396 00:21:35,000 --> 00:21:38,000 And JD does his thing with the baseball grenade. 397 00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:41,000 Okay, baseball grenade shrapnel test. 398 00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:42,000 Do it. 399 00:21:42,000 --> 00:21:43,000 Charging. 400 00:21:44,000 --> 00:21:47,000 In three, two, one. 401 00:21:51,000 --> 00:21:54,000 That was way bigger than the pineapple grenade. 402 00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:56,000 Let's go check the shrapnel pattern. 403 00:21:56,000 --> 00:21:59,000 And their discovery puts this ballistic myth to bed. 404 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:01,000 Whoa! 405 00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:04,000 Look at that, the modern day grenade. 406 00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:07,000 How do you even more shrapnel in this shrapnel-free zone? 407 00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:10,000 Even if you hit the deck, you're still gonna get hit by shrapnel. 408 00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:17,000 The myth that when a grenade is going off, if you hit the deck, you will have no shrapnel hit you is busted. 409 00:22:17,000 --> 00:22:23,000 True, the pattern of shrapnel mostly goes upward, but there's still a lot that goes down below in that zone. 410 00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:25,000 The exit wounds tell the story. 411 00:22:25,000 --> 00:22:32,000 The fragment pattern is a chaotic spray in all directions, including the mythical shrapnel-free zone. 412 00:22:32,000 --> 00:22:41,000 But it is less dense down low, which suggests that hitting the deck, although busted, is the best of a very bad situation. 413 00:22:41,000 --> 00:22:46,000 Yeah, it might be busted, but look, if I'm in this situation, I'm gonna hit the deck. 414 00:22:46,000 --> 00:22:47,000 Absolutely. 415 00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:01,000 Coming up on Mythbusters, Adam and I shoot each other in the face. 416 00:23:02,000 --> 00:23:11,000 Alright. 417 00:23:11,000 --> 00:23:13,000 Sit here, Mythbusters. 418 00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:18,000 I've been an action movie fanatic for years, and I've noticed something about the way people hold guns in movies. 419 00:23:18,000 --> 00:23:25,000 I've seen guns fired from the hip, fired with an extended arm, one-handed, two-handed, and even two guns at the same time. 420 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:28,000 Lately, everyone seems to be holding guns sideways. 421 00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:36,000 Do any of these styles offer specific advantages and accuracy over the others, or are they all just meant to look cool? 422 00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:37,000 Well, that seems pretty straightforward. 423 00:23:37,000 --> 00:23:41,000 We get some guns, some targets, and see which technique is more accurate. 424 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:42,000 Let's get shooting. 425 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:50,000 The history of firearm fashion is replete with a heap of ever-changing, stylish poses. 426 00:23:50,000 --> 00:23:54,000 And this fan request is all about accuracy. 427 00:23:54,000 --> 00:24:01,000 They want to know of five classic cinematic stances, which work and which are style over substance. 428 00:24:04,000 --> 00:24:08,000 To find out, Adam and Jamie are down at the range. 429 00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:10,000 This is perfect. Shall we get to shooting? 430 00:24:10,000 --> 00:24:11,000 I think so. 431 00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:13,000 Shooting and shooting. 432 00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:14,000 Here is the plan. 433 00:24:14,000 --> 00:24:21,000 For every single handling technique we'll be testing, Jamie and I will each unload a full magazine of eight bullets at the intended target, 434 00:24:21,000 --> 00:24:24,000 and we will score ourselves based on timing and accuracy. 435 00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:35,000 At the end of all those tests, a quick look at both the targets and the scores really ought to give us a fantastic picture about which handling techniques are truly effective and which ones are just for show. 436 00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:40,000 That sounds straightforward. All they need now are some guns and targets. 437 00:24:41,000 --> 00:24:42,000 Here is today's target. 438 00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:46,000 If you see one of these perched over your bed in the middle of the night, shoot it! Shoot it immediately! 439 00:24:47,000 --> 00:24:52,000 The gun we'll be using is a .45 caliber semi-automatic pistol. 440 00:24:52,000 --> 00:24:59,000 We'll be putting 230 grain full metal jack ammo in it. Very common gun. Very common ammo worldwide. 441 00:24:59,000 --> 00:25:01,000 Scoring pretty straightforward. 442 00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:06,000 Black section equals 10 points. Yellow section 7 points. White 6. Red 5. 443 00:25:06,000 --> 00:25:14,000 Once we've tallied up all the points from shooting, we will divide that by the amount of seconds it took to fire all eight bullets, and that'll give us a final score. 444 00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:26,000 The main tool we'll be using for this test is an acoustic timer. When we press this button, it'll start working, it'll hear each shot, and it'll give us the total amount of time it took to make the eight shots. 445 00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:33,000 Now I know you may be looking at this set of thinking that we're making things pretty easy for ourselves, but the point of this experiment isn't about whether Jamie Iyer could shot. 446 00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:43,000 It's actually to compare the different handholds and their accuracy and their effectiveness. We've chosen this distance to give us the best resolution for that comparison. 447 00:25:43,000 --> 00:25:55,000 That's the setup. A gun, two targets, 15 feet away, a scoring system that combines accuracy and firing rate, and there's a ballistics expert on hand to keep everyone safe. 448 00:25:55,000 --> 00:25:59,000 The only missing component is a baseline control. 449 00:25:59,000 --> 00:26:01,000 Range is hot. Safety is on. 450 00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:06,000 We'll be comparing all the firing styles we're using against this, the Weaver Stance. 451 00:26:07,000 --> 00:26:15,000 It's been used since the 1980s by law enforcement and in competition, and it's regarded as the most effective way to repeatedly and accurately fire a handgun. 452 00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:18,000 That's good shooting, because it's a really good group. 453 00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:20,000 And Jamie and I have actually been trained in it. 454 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:31,000 The Weaver position has a couple of things going for it. The first is that it feels nice and stable. You're using both hands. You've got a good, solid purchase on the gun. 455 00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:40,000 The second thing is that you're holding it in such a position that you can see down the sights of the gun. That also seems to me like a pretty good idea. 456 00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:55,000 With the Weaver technique complete, the scores can be collated. And if any of the five Hollywood poses to be tested come close to Adam and Jamie's control average of 7.3, it'll be confirmed it's a reasonable technique. 457 00:26:56,000 --> 00:27:00,000 All right, well, we've got our control. Let's start holding the gun in other ways. 458 00:27:00,000 --> 00:27:08,000 And first up, popularized by Bogart in gangster movies of the 30s and 40s, it's shooting from the hill. 459 00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:16,000 I don't know about you, but I don't have high hopes for this stance. And come on, you can't even see the sights. How are you going to know where you're aiming? 460 00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:21,000 And after the gun resets, how are you going to get that second shot? I don't think it's going to be that effective. 461 00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:23,000 Jamie's been shooting from the hip for years. 462 00:27:24,000 --> 00:27:25,000 Ready? 463 00:27:25,000 --> 00:27:26,000 Safety's off. 464 00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:28,000 Shooting from the hip. 465 00:27:29,000 --> 00:27:36,000 As Jamie fires off his eight rounds, it seems Adam's prediction is spot on. Jamie missed all eight. 466 00:27:36,000 --> 00:27:43,000 You just got no clue where it's going. I mean, you're just sort of like, well, that seems about right. 467 00:27:43,000 --> 00:27:45,000 I can't wait to try. 468 00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:46,000 Good luck. 469 00:27:46,000 --> 00:27:48,000 This is a crazy position to shoot from. 470 00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:55,000 With a few hits loosely spread around the target, Adam is marginally more successful than Jamie. 471 00:27:55,000 --> 00:27:58,000 But this classic stance is clearly not ideal. 472 00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:05,000 It's crazy. There's just no kinesthetic reset down here. Just you're hoping every single time. 473 00:28:05,000 --> 00:28:07,000 Oh, let's figure out what the score is. 474 00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:13,000 And the scoreboard story is a sorry tale of woe for the first Hollywood handling technique. 475 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:20,000 An average of 2.8 is significantly short of the control, meaning that method is busted. 476 00:28:20,000 --> 00:28:22,000 Well, that was fun. 477 00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:24,000 Oh, it's not over yet. There's more to go. 478 00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:29,000 Coming up on MythBusters. Fix your tire by fire. 479 00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:31,000 Woo-hoo! 480 00:28:31,000 --> 00:28:33,000 It's gonna go! 481 00:28:41,000 --> 00:28:49,000 Jamie and Adam have already proved that as far as firearm fashion goes, shooting from the hip might look cool, but it's just not very effective. 482 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:55,000 It's crazy. There's just no kinesthetic reset down here. Just you're hoping every single time. 483 00:28:55,000 --> 00:29:05,000 Up next is the straight arm from the shoulder. It peaked in popularity in the cheesy action movies of the 80s, but has long been a stylish stable. 484 00:29:06,000 --> 00:29:08,000 But will it work? 485 00:29:08,000 --> 00:29:17,000 My feeling is that the straight arm position is gonna be good because I am able to line up with the sights as well as my body in a fairly stable position. 486 00:29:18,000 --> 00:29:24,000 Jamie unloads, and even before the points are tallied, it's clear the position is working well. 487 00:29:25,000 --> 00:29:27,000 Nice shooting, Tex! 488 00:29:27,000 --> 00:29:29,000 As Adam also demonstrates. 489 00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:31,000 Okay, Adam, straight arm shooting. 490 00:29:31,000 --> 00:29:40,000 Compared to the hip shot, it's stable, which enables rapid repeat firing, and being able to use the gun's sights is another obvious advantage. 491 00:29:43,000 --> 00:29:45,000 That's fun. 492 00:29:45,000 --> 00:29:51,000 And it all boils down to a score that compares extremely favorably with the control. 493 00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:59,000 I love this stance. Almost as much as I like the weaver. It gives me a tremendous amount of control. The accuracy was as good as the weaver stance. 494 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:01,000 Yeah, this one's a winner. 495 00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:04,000 So next up is the gangster style, right? 496 00:30:04,000 --> 00:30:10,000 Yes, yes. What we were just doing, like this, body on the side, except with the gun turned like we're a straight up thug. 497 00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:20,000 A staple of the 90s, on-screen hoodlums seem to think a 90 degree twist adds a little something to their shooting skills. 498 00:30:21,000 --> 00:30:24,000 But does it really? Adam's excited to find out. 499 00:30:26,000 --> 00:30:29,000 I have always wanted to hold the gun this way. 500 00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:36,000 I've heard tell that you could break your wrist. Clearly I don't think that's about to happen, but I'm interested to see what my accuracy is like. 501 00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:37,000 Okay, I'm ready. 502 00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:43,000 Did I hit it once? 503 00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:49,000 Although the straight arm did enable Adam to fire off his rounds quickly enough, his score was poor. 504 00:30:50,000 --> 00:30:51,000 Final score of 1.0. 505 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:53,000 Let's see how Jamie does. 506 00:30:53,000 --> 00:30:55,000 Mr. Heidemann gangster style. 507 00:30:57,000 --> 00:31:02,000 Looking suspiciously natural in the gangster pose, Jamie outscores Adam. 508 00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:04,000 Final score is 1.6. 509 00:31:05,000 --> 00:31:06,000 Nice, gangster. 510 00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:13,000 But when totaled into the table, the result tells us this funky looking firearm fashion is frankly defunct. 511 00:31:14,000 --> 00:31:22,000 I'll be honest with you, the gangster style, it's the one I was anticipating the most and after shooting with it, it is by far the most ridiculous of all. 512 00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:27,000 You can't see where your bullets are going. You have no point of reference. You're looking at the wrong part. 513 00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:31,000 You're actually ignoring useful sights that are right. Forget about it. Don't shoot that way. 514 00:31:37,000 --> 00:31:40,000 We love Myth Fortune. What we got? 515 00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:48,000 Dear Myth Busters, is it true that you can reseat an inflated tire using starter fluid? 516 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:54,000 There's so many videos on the internet of people with deflated tires, they put something flammable in it, light it, and it goes whoop! 517 00:31:54,000 --> 00:31:58,000 And it actually reseats, inflates, and stays inflated. 518 00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:01,000 Sounds simple enough. All we need is a tire and some starter fluid. 519 00:32:01,000 --> 00:32:03,000 This could be so dangerous. 520 00:32:03,000 --> 00:32:04,000 Or explosive. 521 00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:09,000 Where there's fire, there's folk that just can't help themselves. 522 00:32:09,000 --> 00:32:16,000 But despite the danger, the Myth Busters want to know if these clips of explosive roadside assistance are real. 523 00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:21,000 Can you really reseat and inflate a tire by heating things up? 524 00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:24,000 Well, there's only one way to find out. 525 00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:30,000 Getting a flat on a deserted road, this is how all horror movies start. 526 00:32:31,000 --> 00:32:35,000 Imagine you're in a deserted location, you've got a flat tire, and you've got no spare. 527 00:32:35,000 --> 00:32:37,000 That's what the myth is all about. 528 00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:43,000 Seating a tire on a rim and inflating it when you've got nothing but a can of starter fluid and a lighter. 529 00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:48,000 Now in the internet clip, we see a man spray starter fluid into the deflated tire. 530 00:32:48,000 --> 00:32:53,000 He lights a match and it seats instantly and inflates and stays inflated. 531 00:32:53,000 --> 00:32:55,000 So that is what we're going to be testing. 532 00:32:55,000 --> 00:32:58,000 So we're going to try this with a classic tire, and if that doesn't work, 533 00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:02,000 we're going to move on to a truck tire because it has thicker walls. 534 00:33:02,000 --> 00:33:09,000 First up, it's the regular size tire, which Carrie lets down before getting dressed up for a date with danger. 535 00:33:09,000 --> 00:33:15,000 Good luck, Carrie. Here's the fluid, here's your lighter, don't blow yourself up. 536 00:33:15,000 --> 00:33:19,000 Just like the video, the tire is deflated and unseated from the rim. 537 00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:26,000 And also, just like the reference clip, Carrie sprays an accelerant into the tire before lighting it. 538 00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:31,000 Well, we've got a tire on fire. 539 00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:33,000 But it's just a big let down. 540 00:33:33,000 --> 00:33:35,000 But it's not inflating. 541 00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:36,000 No. 542 00:33:36,000 --> 00:33:37,000 Okay. 543 00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:38,000 Just go poof. 544 00:33:38,000 --> 00:33:39,000 Yeah. 545 00:33:39,000 --> 00:33:40,000 Let's try that again. 546 00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:45,000 Take two, but this time Tori pumps his foot on the tire, mixing the accelerant with air. 547 00:33:45,000 --> 00:33:49,000 Let's see if we can get some air in there, we're going to bet our mixed ratio. 548 00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:51,000 Woohoo! 549 00:33:51,000 --> 00:33:54,000 That worked like a charm! 550 00:33:54,000 --> 00:33:58,000 Except now they seem to have a rapidly inflating tire on fire. 551 00:33:58,000 --> 00:34:02,000 That means that explosion is a very real possibility. 552 00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:04,000 Woohoo! 553 00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:06,000 It's going to go! 554 00:34:06,000 --> 00:34:08,000 Maybe we should all step a little bit further back. 555 00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:09,000 Okay. 556 00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:12,000 That was probably the most terrifying tire inflating I've ever experienced. 557 00:34:12,000 --> 00:34:17,000 Seems like a really dangerous way to fill a tire. 558 00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:23,000 We got the starter fluid into the tire, we got the mixture right, Carrie lit it, and it instantly seated and inflated just like in the video. 559 00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:28,000 In fact, it worked so well that it looked like the tire was going to explode and we all took off running. 560 00:34:28,000 --> 00:34:29,000 Woohoo! 561 00:34:29,000 --> 00:34:37,000 However, when it was all said and done, a lot of cooling happened, a lot of fuel was burnt, and we actually created a vacuum inside the tire. 562 00:34:37,000 --> 00:34:38,000 Yeah, look at that. 563 00:34:38,000 --> 00:34:39,000 It's a vacuum. 564 00:34:39,000 --> 00:34:40,000 Wow. 565 00:34:40,000 --> 00:34:42,000 I would call that inflated. 566 00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:44,000 I call that the opposite of inflated. 567 00:34:44,000 --> 00:34:46,000 So there's a couple parts to this myth. 568 00:34:46,000 --> 00:34:48,000 One, does it seat the tire on the rim? 569 00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:49,000 Yes. 570 00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:53,000 You ignite the gases, they expand rapidly, and it pops right on. 571 00:34:53,000 --> 00:34:55,000 Two, does it inflate the tire? 572 00:34:55,000 --> 00:34:56,000 Yes. 573 00:34:56,000 --> 00:35:00,000 It actually inflates it very quickly, and it almost looks like it's going to blow up. 574 00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:03,000 But three, and most important, does it stay inflated? 575 00:35:03,000 --> 00:35:04,000 No. 576 00:35:04,000 --> 00:35:09,000 Because as the gases cool, it forms sort of a vacuum, and you see the tire shrink back down onto the rim. 577 00:35:09,000 --> 00:35:11,000 So this one is busted. 578 00:35:11,000 --> 00:35:12,000 Busted. 579 00:35:12,000 --> 00:35:14,000 But there is some truth to the myth. 580 00:35:14,000 --> 00:35:20,000 It's an excellent, if highly dangerous method of reseeding and briefly inflating the tire. 581 00:35:20,000 --> 00:35:24,000 It just doesn't stay inflated, but the team isn't done yet. 582 00:35:24,000 --> 00:35:27,000 All right, next up, have you do any truck tire? 583 00:35:27,000 --> 00:35:31,000 The clip the viewers sent in showed the trick being done on a truck tire. 584 00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:35,000 So to cover all their bases, they're giving that a go. 585 00:35:35,000 --> 00:35:40,000 And once again, Carrie gets the accelerant right into the tire before lighting it. 586 00:35:40,000 --> 00:35:41,000 Whoa! 587 00:35:41,000 --> 00:35:42,000 Woo-hoo! 588 00:35:42,000 --> 00:35:43,000 Nice! 589 00:35:43,000 --> 00:35:44,000 It worked! 590 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:45,000 But did it really? 591 00:35:45,000 --> 00:35:46,000 Oh, but look at that. 592 00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:47,000 It's lost its inflation. 593 00:35:47,000 --> 00:35:48,000 Oh! 594 00:35:48,000 --> 00:35:52,000 So it's a great party trick, but not really good for road repairs. 595 00:35:52,000 --> 00:35:53,000 Not practical. 596 00:35:53,000 --> 00:35:59,000 The initial rapid expansion of gases from the explosion does pop the tire onto the rim. 597 00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:03,000 But when those gases cool, you're pretty much back to square one. 598 00:36:03,000 --> 00:36:04,000 Woo-hoo! 599 00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:09,000 Now after watching the video, it seemed like seating and inflating your tire with fire 600 00:36:09,000 --> 00:36:11,000 is dangerous, and well, it's facing it. 601 00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:12,000 It is. 602 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:13,000 However, it does work. 603 00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:16,000 You can seat the tire, but it does not stay inflated. 604 00:36:16,000 --> 00:36:20,000 You still need some kind of compressed air to keep the tire filled. 605 00:36:20,000 --> 00:36:22,000 So this one's busted. 606 00:36:40,000 --> 00:36:46,000 Welcome back. 607 00:36:46,000 --> 00:36:51,000 We have been testing a bunch of gun handling techniques that we have seen in the movies, 608 00:36:51,000 --> 00:36:55,000 but now it's time to add another layer, a gun shape layer. 609 00:36:55,000 --> 00:36:56,000 That's right. 610 00:36:56,000 --> 00:37:00,000 It's now time for two guns. 611 00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:04,000 So, Matrix style two gun gun play is up next. 612 00:37:04,000 --> 00:37:09,000 But are you really doubling your chances of a ballistics bullseye? 613 00:37:09,000 --> 00:37:11,000 Jamie, you look badass. 614 00:37:11,000 --> 00:37:12,000 I'll tell you that. 615 00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:13,000 Ready. 616 00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:14,000 Here we go. 617 00:37:14,000 --> 00:37:17,000 There is one important factor to note. 618 00:37:17,000 --> 00:37:22,000 Despite using double the amount of ammo, the final time-adjusted score will still give 619 00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:24,000 an accurate comparison to the control. 620 00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:29,000 After all, firing twice as many bullets takes twice as long. 621 00:37:29,000 --> 00:37:31,000 Nice work, home ray. 622 00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:33,000 That was an experience. 623 00:37:33,000 --> 00:37:36,000 There's a certain kind of symmetry to it that I liked. 624 00:37:36,000 --> 00:37:40,000 You can almost brace your hands together on each other while you're firing. 625 00:37:40,000 --> 00:37:42,000 Before we tally the total, Adam's up. 626 00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:47,000 And despite Jamie having a tashed tickling experience, Adam's not confident. 627 00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:48,000 Safety's on. 628 00:37:48,000 --> 00:37:52,000 Bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, low score, low score, 629 00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:53,000 moving on, right? 630 00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:54,000 That's what I'm expecting. 631 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:55,000 Okay, here we go. 632 00:37:55,000 --> 00:37:56,000 Safety's off. 633 00:37:57,000 --> 00:38:02,000 Yep, the balance and symmetry of shooting two guns at once may be the reason it looks 634 00:38:02,000 --> 00:38:08,000 so cool, but really, it's a tricky feat of coordination that makes real marksmanship 635 00:38:08,000 --> 00:38:09,000 tough. 636 00:38:10,000 --> 00:38:11,000 Yay! 637 00:38:11,000 --> 00:38:12,000 That was awesome. 638 00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:13,000 Isn't it? 639 00:38:13,000 --> 00:38:14,000 Yes! 640 00:38:14,000 --> 00:38:15,000 I really like how that feels. 641 00:38:15,000 --> 00:38:18,000 It's like a rocking horse of death. 642 00:38:18,000 --> 00:38:19,000 Jamie was totally right. 643 00:38:19,000 --> 00:38:23,000 Two guns might not mean double the score, but it is super fun. 644 00:38:23,000 --> 00:38:27,000 I mean, you end up with this kind of rhythm where you're rocking your head and firing 645 00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:33,000 bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, bang, feels very kind of weirdly natural and like 646 00:38:33,000 --> 00:38:34,000 your cartoon character. 647 00:38:34,000 --> 00:38:35,000 So what could be better? 648 00:38:36,000 --> 00:38:43,000 The score for one thing, because the final tally of 4.1 means it might be an adrenaline-surging 649 00:38:43,000 --> 00:38:46,000 ton of fun, but it's also a whole heap of busted. 650 00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:50,000 Well, have we covered just about everything? 651 00:38:50,000 --> 00:38:51,000 Just about. 652 00:38:51,000 --> 00:38:52,000 There's one more thing I want to try. 653 00:38:52,000 --> 00:38:56,000 Two guns towards one target, but in the movies I've seen this. 654 00:38:56,000 --> 00:38:58,000 Crossed hands, two different targets. 655 00:38:58,000 --> 00:38:59,000 I think we should try it. 656 00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:00,000 Why not? 657 00:39:00,000 --> 00:39:01,000 All right. 658 00:39:01,000 --> 00:39:02,000 These aren't real guns. 659 00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:05,000 These are our standing guns, because I don't point real guns at our camera man. 660 00:39:07,000 --> 00:39:13,000 It's where ballet meets ballistic gunplay, the ultimate in slick cinematic choreography, 661 00:39:13,000 --> 00:39:15,000 but Adam is unimpressed. 662 00:39:16,000 --> 00:39:18,000 Chris Cross is ridiculous. 663 00:39:18,000 --> 00:39:24,000 I say now that it's second only to the gangster style in ridiculousness and the lack of effectiveness. 664 00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:30,000 With the target several feet apart, Jamie gets his bearings, lines up and unleashes hell. 665 00:39:38,000 --> 00:39:42,000 You look like you're going little popcorn machine there for a second. 666 00:39:42,000 --> 00:39:45,000 I figured I might as well have some fun with it. 667 00:39:45,000 --> 00:39:50,000 Yep, he was off balance and the patting your head while rubbing your stomach type action 668 00:39:50,000 --> 00:39:53,000 means coordination was also an issue. 669 00:39:53,000 --> 00:39:58,000 All of which was reflected in a low score that matches the pre-test prediction. 670 00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:00,000 Final score, 2.1. 671 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:06,000 But there's no denying Jamie did look every inch the cool cinematic hitman. 672 00:40:06,000 --> 00:40:10,000 Something as he takes his position, Adam aspires to. 673 00:40:10,000 --> 00:40:15,000 And as he fires at the dual targets, it turns out it's a role Adam believes he can fill. 674 00:40:15,000 --> 00:40:17,000 Not bad. 675 00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:19,000 Not bad at all. 676 00:40:19,000 --> 00:40:23,000 The stance was much more effective than he expected. 677 00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:28,000 Final score was 7.1, which is pretty good. 678 00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:35,000 But despite Adam's surprisingly healthy points total and considering he used twice as many rounds as the control, 679 00:40:35,000 --> 00:40:40,000 in the final analysis, it just doesn't cut it. 680 00:40:40,000 --> 00:40:44,000 I thought because you could brace your arms against each other it might work, but it doesn't. 681 00:40:44,000 --> 00:40:48,000 You'd be much better off using a proper technique and one gun. 682 00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:51,000 Crisscross is clearly busted. 683 00:40:51,000 --> 00:40:59,000 So if Crisscross consigned to the busted bin, let's get the low down on the whole history of filmic firearm fashion. 684 00:40:59,000 --> 00:41:02,000 Let's assess what we've learned, shall we? 685 00:41:02,000 --> 00:41:06,000 We started with the weaver technique, which was the best score and the best clustering for Jamie and I. 686 00:41:06,000 --> 00:41:11,000 And we went to shooting from the hip, which was pretty much the worst. 687 00:41:11,000 --> 00:41:15,000 When you did look down the sights, as we did while holding the gun at the side, 688 00:41:15,000 --> 00:41:20,000 we did pretty darn well getting most of the bullets on the target and the second best score to the weaver. 689 00:41:20,000 --> 00:41:24,000 Gangsta style, what can I say? It's terrible. It's ridiculous. 690 00:41:24,000 --> 00:41:27,000 It's totally a useless way to hold a handgun. 691 00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:31,000 Then we brought two guns into the mix and what we saw when we brought two guns into the mix, we doubled the bullets, 692 00:41:31,000 --> 00:41:38,000 was not double the scores. In fact, the scores most of the time went down except for, I think, a couple lucky shots for me at the end. 693 00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:44,000 After looking at all of this, I have to conclude that as long as you're looking down the sights of a single gun and concentrating on it, 694 00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:49,000 you're going to have the most effective shooting technique. You don't need two guns. 695 00:41:52,000 --> 00:41:54,000 This wheel thing worked pretty well. 696 00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:58,000 It did, but I'm wondering what do we do with the mix we haven't read or filmed yet? 697 00:41:58,000 --> 00:42:03,000 Well, let's just leave this thing set up. I have a feeling we're going to be using it again. 698 00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:06,000 Alright, you heard the man. Send us your ideas.